Descending pathway,

목차

1. Distal flexors - proximal extensors

2. Dorsolateral system - ventromedial system

3. Ventromedial system
1) pons
2) vestibular
3) tectum

4. Dorsolateral system
1) cortex
2) red nucleus
3) medullary

5. Upper motoneuron lesion - pyramidal tract or not

본문내용

Peripheral retinal input
Proximal girdle muscles
Neck muscles
Superior colliculus:
midbrain
contralateral (crossed)
ventromedial system
cervical (upper limb & neck)
Orienting & flinching
Ballistic reaching
Navigation
Tectospinal pathway
Increases anti-gravity
activity in stance.
No effect in early swing
Active in:
extension, late swing
excites extensors
Lateral vestibulospinal:
utricle
ipsilateral (uncrossed)
all spinal segments
antigravity muscles
(Lateral) vestibulospinal pathway

<중 략>

Ventromedial System
* Origins :
pontine reticular formation
vestibular system (utricle & semicircular ducts)
tectum (superior colliculus)
* Distribution :
trunk & proximal muscles
extensors and anti-gravity muscles
predominantly ipsilateral
multiple joints
* Injury:
walking, righting reactions, posture & reaching impaired
discrete distal movements intact

참고 자료

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