汉韩概数表达形式比较研究/한중 개수 표현방식의 비교

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한국어와 중국어의 개수(대강의 수)표현방식에 대한 비교 논문입니다.

한국어 예문을 제외한 모든 내용은 중국어로 되어 있습니다.

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摘 要 ································································································· I
Abstract ······························································································· II
Ｏ、引言 ······························································································ 1
0.1 选题意义 ···················································································· 1
0.2 研究现状 ···················································································· 1
0.3 本文的研究范围和研究方法 ··························································· 2
0.4 本文的语料来源 ··········································································· 2
一、汉语的概数表达形式 ········································································· 3
1.1 概数表达-助词类 ·········································································· 3
1.1.1 “来”的分析研究 ································································ 3
1.1.2 “多”的分析研究 ································································ 5
1.1.3 “把”的分析研究 ································································ 6
1.2 概数表达-名词类 ·········································································· 8
1.2.1 “左右”的分析研究 ····························································· 8
1.2.2 “上下”的分析研究 ··························································· 10
1.3 概数表达-副词类 ········································································ 12
1.3.1“大概”的分析研究····························································· 12
1.3.2“大约”的分析研究····························································· 13
二、韩语的概数表达形式 ······································································· 15
2.1 概数表达-名词类 ········································································ 15
2.1.1 “정도”的分析研究 ····························································· 15
2.1.2 “전후”的分析研究 ····························································· 16
2.2 概数表达-副词类 ········································································ 17
2.2.1 “대략”的分析研究 ····························································· 17
2.2.2 “얼추”的分析研究 ····························································· 19
2.3 概数表达- 接尾词类 ··································································· 21
2.3.1 “가량”的分析研究 ····························································· 21
2.3.2 “쯤”的分析研究 ································································ 23
三、汉韩概数表达形式比较 ···································································· 26
3.1 汉韩概数表达形式的相同点 ························································· 26
3.1.1 数词+量词+概数词（助词、名词、接尾词） ···························· 26
3.1.2 副词+数词+量词+概数词 ······················································ 27
3.1.3 省略量词 ·········································································· 28
3.2 汉韩概数表达形式的不同点 ························································· 29
3.2.1整整（确实、刚好）+定数+概数词（助词、名词、接尾词） ········ 29
3.2.2 描述概数的词语的重复适用 ·················································· 31
3.2.3 数词+来/多+量词+名词 ························································ 32
四、韩国人使用汉语概数词偏误分析与对策 ··············································· 34
4.1 偏误现象 ·················································································· 34
4.2 分析与对策 ··············································································· 37
五、结论 ···························································································· 39
参考文献
致 谢

본문내용

0.2 研究现状
现代汉语研究中已经有许多学者做过概数词表达约量、估量的研究。下面简单介绍几位学者对“概数词”的看法。
张豫峰在《“x+前后/左右/上下”的分析》（2004）中详细描述分析了 “x+前后/左右/上下”这一结构，他指出“x+前后/左右/上下”这一结构是汉语中比较常见的表达估量的结构。 同时，他分析了留学生在使用这一结构时产生偏误的原因所在。①
邢福义在《“来”字概数结构形义辩证》（2011）中指出，用“来”字的时候数词可以分为个位数词和段位数词。关于衡量词，指出只有一类数量词可以出现在“来”字的前边，这就是由度量衡单位构成的数量词，即“数词+度量衡单位”。例如“三尺来”、“二寸来”等。②
张谊生在《概数助词“来”和“多”》（2001）中对“来”和“多”的分布环境进行了比较分析。他指出两者之间既有大致相同的一面，也有截然不同的一面。总的来说，“多”的分布要比“来”广泛。③
综上所述，之前学者们在对“现代汉语的概数词”研究方面，取得了一定成果。
韩语中也有表示概数的方法和固定的形式，而且表达方法比较丰富。但是到目前没有人研究过汉语和韩语“概数词”的比较。任意两种不同的预演都存在相同和不同点，汉语和韩语也不例外。
0.3 本文的研究范围和研究方法
本文中采取两种研究方法。第一种方法是语法分析。详细研究所有的有关概数表达的词语，找例子进行分析、考察，从之前学者们的研究成果基础上进行总结。第二种方法是比较分析汉语和韩语中的具体用例。通过两种语言用例的比较，找出他们之间存在的相同点和不同点。

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