한국 거주 외국인 노동자들의 생애발달에 관한 질적 사례 연구 : F. Schütze의 생애사 연구를 중심으로

서지정보

ㆍ발행기관 : 한국인간발달학회 ㆍ수록지정보 : 인간발달연구 / 17권 / 1호
ㆍ저자명 : 이효선

목차

Ⅰ. 들어가는 글
Ⅲ. 사례연구
Ⅳ. 요약 및 결론
참고문헌

한국어 초록

본 연구는 이주노동이 청년기의 전환기로서 어떤 성격을 가지며 생애발달 측면에서 어떤 의미가 있는지를 살펴보고, 새로운 환경에 적응해야 하는 위기를 극복하기 위해 형성한 그들의 전략을 탐색하고자 하였다. 즉 외국인 노동자들의 생애발달의 경험을 재구성하여 그들의 삶을 이해하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 F. Schütze의 즉흥 이야기식 인터뷰(Stegreiferzählen narrative interview)를 조사도구로 하여 4단계 절차에 따라 분석하였으며, 외국인 노동자의 생애발달 측면을 살펴볼 수 있는 2사례를 심도 있게 분석(Eckfall Analysis)하였다. 이 과정에서 연구대상자가 직접 구성한 삶의 경험을 연구자가 구성한 후, 각 사례의 최소․최대의 비교에 의해 사례를 비교분석하여 재구성하였다. 재구성 결과, 외국인 노동자들의 개인적인 측면에서 살펴보면 표면적으로 한국에서 적극적인 적응을 하고 있었지만 본국과 타국의 문화 사이에서 자신의 정체성, 신념, 가치관 등에 대한 의문 제시가 생략된 채 동화적인 적응에 초점을 맞추고 있음을 발견하였다. 다음으로 외국인 노동자라는 측면에서 한국 사회의 구조적인 측면을 살펴볼 수 있었는데, 현재 한국 사회의 다문화 정책 속에 잠재된 단일문화 지향적인 관점을 지적하고 이와 관련된 문제점에 대하여 비판하였다. 또한 이를 극복하기 위해 다문화 사회를 준비하는 방안으로 개인과 집단이 서로 상호 연관 되어지는 과정과 통합을 강조하는 상호문화주의 관점의 필요성을 제시하였다.

영어 초록

This study, targeting people who have come to Korea over five years ago as young migrant workers, aimed to examine which characteristics of these migrant laborers have experienced are as a turning point, and what significance it has in terms of biographical development in young adulthood. This study also investigated the coping strategies that these migrant workers have used to overcome the difficulties they faced while adapting to a new environment and culture. To this end, the data collection for this study was carried out using F. Schütze’s narrative interview method and also consisted of an in-depth analysis through four steps. Two cases out of nine that show the progress of biographical development well in early adulthood, were reconstructed through the analysis steps. During the period of study, the researcher constructed the ways in which the individuals described their lives and all cases were reconstructed using the minimum and maximum comparison. It is possible to look deeper into the aspects regarding the identity of each individual. In the cases of A and B, they displayed active adaptation behaviors at a superficial level but did not raise any question in terms of their beliefs or values concerning the culture of their homeland and the new culture they have experienced since migrating to Korea. In conclusion, the migrant workers studied here were engaged in acts purely for adaptation. Rather than acquiring an understanding of them, the research targets merely seek to adjust themselves to the environment in order to live in Korean society. From the macro perspective, it is possible to shed light on their lives in the sense that they are migrant workers living in Korea. Although Korea seeks to become a nation of many races and nationalities where multicultural human rights are realized under the banner of a ‘multicultural society,’ it is ironically unable to encompass the various members of society that form a ‘multicultural society.’ Currently, laws and policy regarding multiculturalism are limited to those who have acquired Korean nationality, which, in actuality, means that foreign workers as well as people in other various categories are excluded from institutional protection and benefits. In short, the concept of multiculturalism in Korean society is still that of firmly establishing Korea’s nationality and uniqueness. Because multiculturalism is basically a concept that premises the existence ofeach individual culture that exists co-independently, it is inevitable that we continually recognize the differences and dissimilarities of each individual culture. Multicultural discourse in Korea should not remain at the level of merely discovering and recognizing these differences but, rather, should grow into a more active and mature discourse. Unlike the concept of multiculturalism which pursues variety, this is the concept of interculturalism that highlights integration and the process of an individual and society interconnecting. Therefore, more discussion and debate is necessary in order to reach a social consensus and the perspective of interculturalism is required.

Key words : Migrant workers, Qualitative study, Biography research, Biographical development, Interculturalism. Case study.

참고 자료

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