웹기반 학습환경에서 협력적 성찰이 문제해결 수행 및 과정에 미치는 영향

서지정보

ㆍ발행기관 : 한국교육공학회 ㆍ수록지정보 : 교육공학연구 / 19권 / 1호
ㆍ저자명 : 이승희, 김동식

목차

Ⅰ. 서 론
Ⅱ. 협력적 성찰에 대한 이론적 기저
Ⅲ. 연구 방법 및 절차
Ⅳ. 연구 결과
Ⅴ. 논의 및 결론
참 고 문 헌

한국어 초록

본 연구는 CSCL에서 학습자의 협력적 성찰이 문제해결 수행 및 과정에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 실증적으로 분석한 것이다. 웹기반 협력학습, 사회적 인지 이론, 문제중심학습 및 학습자 성찰을 연구의 주요 이론적 기저로 삼았다. 여기서는 자기 내면과의 대화를 강조하는 전통적 개념의 반성적 사고를 ‘개인적 성찰’로, 동료와의 사회적 상호작용을 강조하는 새로운 개념의 성찰을 ‘협력적 성찰’로 규정하고 이 변인이 학습에 미치는 효과를 알아보았다.협력적 성찰 또는 개인적 성찰이 지원되는 CSCL과 별도의 성찰이 지원되지 않는 CSCL에서의 활동결과, 협력적 성찰이 문제해결 수행에 긍정적인 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 문제해결 과정 중에 학습자들이 주고받은 상호작용 메시지를 분석한 결과, 성찰의 유형에 따라 학습자들이 표출하는 메시지에 차이가 있었음을 밝혀내었다.CSCL이 공동의 학습목표를 달성하기 위하여 서로 협력하는 구성적 학습환경임을 고려한다면, 학습자가 자신의 생각과 그룹 활동 과정에 대해 비판적으로 점검하고 개선하도록 지원하는 성찰지원 방안을 고려할 필요가 있다. 나아가, 협력적 성찰이 CSCL에서 해결해야 할 문제를 객관적으로 탐색․해결하는데 중요한 역할을 담당하고 집합적 지식을 구성하는데 기여한다는 본 연구결과를 토대로, 학습자의 성찰적 사고를 적극 유도하여 유의미한 학습경험을 이끌어 내는 학습환경을 설계해야 할 것이다.

영어 초록

The purpose of this research is to analyze how collaborative reflection affects on group problem-solving performance and process in the CSCL (Computer Supported Collaborative Learning) where learners widely dispersed in different time and places over the internet cooperate in order for the collective knowledge-building. The theoretical framework for this study is based on the social cognition theory, problem based learning, reflective practice, and the group processing in collaborative learning situation. The importance of the learner's reflective thinking in the learning situation has been continuously reviewed with former research results. ‘Individual reflection’ with which learners focus self-internalization during learning is regarded as a conventional concept, meanwhile the reflective thinking with social interactions among learners is considered as ‘collaborative reflection’.The major research interests and methods of the study are as follows:First, this research identified how learners would perform the problem-solving tasks such as those of concept comprehension and knowledge construction. Second, the learner's interaction messages were analyzed throughout the experiments in order to identify the collaborative reflection-supporting tools' impacts on the problem-solving process in the CSCL.The results of this study were suggested as follows:First, as far as two types of problem-solving tasks such as concept-comprehension and knowledge construction, the collaborative reflection-supporting tools in the CSCL turned out to be helpful higher performance than both individual reflectionsupporting tools in CSCL and non reflection- supported tools in the CSCL. The self-evaluation by learners with collaborative reflection-supporting tools in the CSCL for problem-solving performance also indicated higher learning outcomes than other two CSCLs. Second, for the learners' interaction messages for the identification of the qualitative and qualitative differences in the problem-solving process, those messages types from the collaborative reflection-supporting CSCL showed statisticallysignificance than those of the other types of CSCLs. Also, the thick description for the implied meaning from the interaction messages of the representative group has been conducted as the form of the case study.To sum up, the study suggested significant implications as follows:First of all, since the CSCL has been the constructivism-oriented environment for collaborative activities to achieve the group learning goals or objectives, it would be necessary for learners to be provided cognitive tools for the support of learners' reflective thinking. Second, the collaborative reflection with which learners could share the knowledge with other participants and improve their own opinions and ideas would play a key role on critically inquiring and solving problems. Third, because most learners had a tendency not to naturally exert the reflective thinking during learning, some kinds of cognitive tools with functions such as meta-cognitive reflection scaffolding by which learners could monitor the learning contents andproblem-solving process. Finally, the collaborative reflection had positive impacts on problem-solving performance and process in the CSCL and it would be needed to develop meaningful learning environments by inducing learners' reflective practice effectively.Key word : CSCL(Computer Supported Collaborative Learning), Collaborative

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