‘언문’(諺文)의 명칭문제와 사회적 의미

서지정보

ㆍ발행기관 : 동아시아문화학회 ㆍ수록지정보 : 동아시아문화와예술 / 6권
ㆍ저자명 : 기영미

목차

I. 들어가며 - 문제제기
II. 훈민정음의 다른 이름들 - ‘정음’ ‘언문’ ‘암글(女書)’
III. 훈민정책과 ‘교화’의 의미
1)‘우민’에 대한 ‘교화’
2)‘언문’에 대한 지배층의 인식
IV. 마무리

한국어 초록

우리나라 글말인 한글이 창제될 당시 세종은 이 문자의 이름을 ‘훈민정음’(訓民正音) 즉 ‘백성을 가르치는[訓民] 바른 소리[正音]’라 하였다. ‘훈민정음’은 문자 이름이자, 책이름이며, 문자 이름으로서의 이 책은 세종이 직접 쓴 ‘예의’편과 신하들이 풀어쓴 ‘혜례’로 이루어져 있다.1 창제 당시에는 문자를 지칭할 경우에 ‘훈민정음’, ‘정음’, ‘언문’ 등의 이름을 사용하였고, 훈민정음이란 명칭은 문자 이름으로는 거의 사용되지 않았고 속칭 ‘언문’(諺文)에 대비되는 공식명칭이었다. 개화기에 이르러 우리 민족고유의 문자인 한글의 가치를 높이 평가하게 되어 ‘정음’(正音), ‘국문’(國文)등의 명칭이 통용되기도 하였다. 근대 이후 ‘한글’은 남한 쪽의 통칭,북한 쪽의 통칭으로서 ‘조선글’등이 사용되었고, 근대이후 ‘한글’이라는 명칭이 일반화되었다.

영어 초록

Hunminjeongeum is at once a name of an alphabet system and a title of a book. While hunminjeongeum has been the official name for the new alphabet since Sejong created it, more commonly it was called as eonmun [mening ‘vernacular script’] till even the modern era. Among people, outside of that, there were more names to call it such as am-geul [women’s character], joonggeul [shaveling’s character], a-haet-mal[children’s words], a-haegeul
[children’s character], ect. As said in Sejong Sillok [Annals of King Sejong], Sejong himself used the name eonmun as equal meaning as hunminjeongeum , and the character became
used more broadly than the Chinese character, the major letter of the establishment. Nevertheless eonmun used to be recognized, indeed, as a character of the subjugated class, or of women. It is generally said that eonmun was a common name encompassing the aspect of the character in everyday life, while hunminjeongeum the official name. However the intention here is to examine the social and political structure in which the different names for the same character were each used in conflicting nuances and concepts. So this essay deals with the motive for the creation of hunminjeongeum , in focusing the social background where the other names were variously used and linked with certain classes each and especially the name eonmun survived the longest to the period of the Japanese occupation. Firstly by
looking into the democratic ruling principle, the basic political idea of the Confucianism in Chosun dynasty, the fact that the creation of the new alphabet system began from the democratic idea of Sejong and his reforming policy for the people[hunmin ] is to be examined. For that we need to pay attention to the mode of existence of min [people] at that time --who are described as ‘ignorant subjects’ in the book hunminjeongeum -- and the view on the letter and the political awareness Sadaebu [nobility], the establishment, had then. keywords eonmun , the reforming policy for the people, the reformation of the ignorant subjects, the mode of existence of min [people], the establishment’s view on the letter

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