참여박물관과 참여전시의 활용

서지정보

ㆍ발행기관 : 한국박물관학회 ㆍ수록지정보 : 박물관학보
ㆍ저자명 : 황규진

목차

Ⅰ. 머리말
Ⅱ. 참여전시(Interactive Exhibit)
Ⅲ. 참여박물관의 역사
Ⅳ. 참여박물관의 이론적 배경
Ⅴ. 미술박물관과 참여전시
Ⅵ. 맺음말
참고문헌

한국어 초록

유물의 수집, 보존, 연구, 전시, 교육은 이미 잘 알려진 박물관의 기능과 의의다. 선조가 물려
준 귀중한 유물을 잘 관리하여 후손에게 물려주는 것은 박물관인들의 주어진 과제이자 사명이
었다. 그러나 최근 세계 여러 박물관들에서는 특별한 움직임이 살펴지는데, 고객만족 서비스, 다
양한 교육프로그램, 문화상품개발, 마케팅 개념의 박물관 유입 등이 그것이다. 이는 단순한 시장
경제논리의 박물관 고유영역 침투가 아니라, ‘사람들을 위한 박물관’의 대상이 ‘미래의 사람들’이
아닌 ‘현재의 사람들’로 전환?강조되고 있는 것이다. 게다가, 오늘날의 박물관에서 ‘관람객’ 이
란, 진지한 학문 연구인만이 그 주된 대상이 아니라 보다 폭 넓은 범주의 대중을 포함하고 있는
말이며, 많은 박물관들이 관람객과의 의사소통을 그들의 새로운 역할로서 인식하고 있다.
물론, 이런 변화는 이들 박물관이 절감한 필요성과 그들의 체험에서 오는 박물관의 무한한 잠
재력에의 믿음을 바탕으로 한다. 각 박물관들의 참여전시(Interactive Exhibit)에 집중되는 관심
역시 이러한 변화의 반영이다.
본고에서는 참여전시의 개념과 역사, 교육효과와 가치 등을 살펴보고 그 성격상 과학박물관, 어린이박물관 등 특정박물관에 집중되어 있던 참여전시의 다른 분야 박물관에의 적용, 특히 미
술박물관에의 적용과 그 가능성을 살펴보고자 한다.

영어 초록

This study considers the possibility of adopting exhibition methodology which is
wide-spread among science museums and children's museums in order to enhance the
visitors experience of art exhibitions.
While museums of the fine arts concentrate their attention on collections, science and
technology museums, and science centres, have responded vigorously to a felt need to teach
ordinary people more science by using the special method of 'interactive exhibit' which they
have developed. Audience research and the communication between visitors and exhibits are
concentrated in such museums. Much of the work appears to be driven by the desire to
produce better exhibits and services for the visitors or to earn money.
This study acknowledges our technology-dominated society with pervasive media and
advertising industries; instantaneous electronic communications, and a pluralistic culture in
which the boundaries between high art and mass culture have been erode. It shows museums
struggling to find a role for themselves in a culturally and politically unstable world.
Until the twentieth century, museums were mainly centres for academic research and
depositories devoted to collecting and conserving objects. However, museums today are
generally concerned about increasing the number of visitors. It is obvious that many
museums are in the process of evolving new roles with respect to communicating with
public.
To visitors, a museum is intended for the dissemination of knowledge through objects
displayed chronologically, thus presenting a sequential story as far as possible. To curatorial
staff, it is their mission that the general public should feel better and more knowledgeable
about the world after visiting the museum than they did before. I will argue interactive
exhibits can be an answer for both.
What is interactive an exhibit? 'interactive' is an ambiguous word. Although the term
interactive has become well-established in museum vocabulary, it means different things to
different people in museum area. According to Oxford English Dictionary, interactive means
"reciprocally active; acting upon or influencing each other" On the other hand, it means
"pertaining to or being a computer or other electronic device that allows a two-way flow of
information between it and a user, responding immediately to the latter's input." The latter
has been widely accepted such as touch screen multimedia systems. Meanwhile, in children's
museums the term 'interactive' is regarded more wildly to include activity such as using
hands-on installation. In many cases it simply means that exhibits are hands-on and that
visitors can expect an active rather than a passive museum experience.
Many eminent educationalists believe that the most valuable learning comes through play.
Supporters of the interactive movement argue that if visitors are enjoying themselves, it is
more likely that they will be learning at the same time. Moreover, today most museum
education programs reflect the philosophy that people learn best through participation ,
discovery and the stimulation of their natural curiosity. The principal point is that not all
learning styles are catered for in a formal learning environment. It follows, therefore, that
the informal learning environment of interactive exhibitions may provide the opportunity for
individuals with different learning styles to learn effectively.
When we consider the goal of interactive exhibits is not only for entertaining visitors but
also for education and delivering message to visitors, and when we already know interactive
exhibits provide educational effectiveness and entertainment at the same time, then we
should examine the possibility of making an exhibition in art museums more educative and
effective through interactive exhibit.
Art museums have a responsibility to society to care for art and make it available
through exhibitions, writing, and good scholarship. I would argue that they also have the challenge to introduce art to those who do not yet understand why they should be
interested. When it is the prime principle that museum should be in use, interactive exhibits
are core method to communicate with their users in the 'language' they speak.

참고 자료

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