중국 五代의 불교정책과 그 성격

서지정보

ㆍ발행기관 : 동국사학회 ㆍ수록지정보 : 동국사학 / 37권
ㆍ저자명 : 전중배

목차

Ⅰ. 머리말
Ⅱ. 後梁의 불교정책
Ⅲ. 後唐의 불교정책
Ⅳ. 後晋의 불교정책
Ⅴ. 後漢의 불교정책
Ⅵ. 後周의 불교정책
Ⅵ. 맺음말

영어 초록

Wutai(五代) of China was a transitional period(007-~ AD.) in which Tang(唐) had been ruined and Song(宋) established.
In the case of buddhism, the Tang's buddhism in its heyday had been declined and it appeared to have its transitional period characters which were different from the Sui(惰) and Tang(唐) buddhism and had been completely becoming to Song(宋) and Yuan(元) buddhism
In this thesis, I aim to review Wutai Shih-kuo(五代十國) 's buddhism trendy and its special and unique way of thought. This period was very contrasted with Tang's aristocratic one. Because of a newly-rising power originated from un-controled soldiers and their unions, during that times' buddhism was very unique and special interesting subject to study the Chinese buddhism researchers.
About Wutai's buddhism, Michibata-hideyosi(道端良秀), a historian, pointed out that Tang's buddhism was declined from not only Wutai period's many wars and calamities but also Hou-chou(後周)'s suppression of buddhism, etc. Another historian, Makida-dairyo(牧田諦亮) valuated that it is Wutar period that its buddhism was suppressed to stabilize people's mind and its buddhism was being declined.
I could not agree these historians' interpretations about the causes of Wutai's buddhism declining. Although its buddhism was not prosperous more than former period, I think that Wutai's buddhism performed its role generally because all the sections, the culture and way of life during theWutai had much correlated with the very buddhism.
Therefore, I would search for the true buddhism through that time's historical documentary about each kingdom's buddhist policies and trends such as buddhist rituals and the law of permission to be monks. At that time, generally each kingdom vitalized and needed its buddhism for the peace of kingdom.
Therefore, buddhism rituals are needed at the emperor's birthday, ancestor's funeral, qiyuji(新雨祭), and qixueji(新雪祭), as well as to overcome natural disaster such as earthquake, etc. This could be viewed as the kings were certain about Buddhist gods brought the country's spiritual charmror fortune or luck).
And also, dudiezhi(度牒制) was enforced to take holy orders(出家許可制度) in which the state allow jingguantan(京官壇) or cibu(部祠) to give dudie(度牒) permission. In order for each government to block over entering the buddhist priesthood, the law which relates to a hair cutting rules(創髮規定) and dudie was provided, and it was forbidden to become a buddhist monk at will.
Originally in Tang period, the nobility had power of dudie, so they sold holy orders and earn many profit even in Wutai, because this kind of trend were popular, each country decreased their power and the government tried to absorb the profit.
And so, existing buddhism research workers is seeing Wutai's buddhism as decay age because of political disturbance and confusion. That is, Kenneth.Ks.Che'n did not even establish an item in his writings: Buddhism History of China, only about Hou-chou(後周)'s suppression of buddhism commented simply. As stated above Michibata-hideyosi(道端良秀) estimated his writings Buddhism History of Tang that wars of Wutai and Hou-chou's suppression of buddhism made lose Tang buddhism's freshness
Past researchers overestimated the declining of all of the Wutai buddhism, As thinking Hou-chou's suppression of buddhism, but I think we must appreciate this present buddhism on the basis of not only Hou-chou's suppression of buddhism but also over all Wutai' s buddhism In spite of political chaos, there has been continuous progress in buddhism from upper to lower status.

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