鳩山政権の「東アジア共同体」構想

서지정보

ㆍ발행기관 : 21세기정치학회 ㆍ수록지정보 : 21세기정치학회보 / 2권
ㆍ저자명 : 中島琢磨

목차

一、「東アジア共同体」構想の提唱の背景
二、発足後の鳩山政権
三、「東アジア共同体」構想と日米関係
四、「東アジア共同体」構想の輪郭
五、戦後外交史の中での位置づけ

영어 초록

In this presentation I focus on the conception of “East Asian Community” of the
Hatoyama administration and its policy toward South Korea. The Democratic Party of Japan
won by getting 308 seats at the Lower House election in Japan held on August 30, 2009.
The change of power from the Liberal Democratic Party to DPJ was an epoch making event
of Japanese political history after World War Ⅱ.
DPJ proposed “East Asian Community” as the conception of its foreign policy in the DPJ
manifesto at the general election in 2009. Actually, “East Asian Community” was useful for
DPJ to clarify the new foreign policy line compared with the former LDP administration,
which foreign policy had been characterized as the Japan-U.S. alliance. On the other hand,
“East Asian Community” caused to bringing about the distrust of the Obama administration.
Looking back over the first six months of the DPJ administration, we can understand the
outline of Hatoyama’s “East Asian Community”. DPJ has showed intra-regional cooperative
mechanisms in such areas as trade, finance, energy, the environment, disaster relief, and
measures to control infectious diseases, as their policy objectives with based on “East Asian
Community”. Thus, Hatoyama’s “East Asian Community” is aiming to establish the
cooperative mechanisms in the Asia-pacific region in the field of so called nontraditional
threats. The conception of “East Asian Community” doesn’t include the cooperation on the security policy in the region.
The Hatoyama administration has been taking the positive attitude toward South Korea. On 9 October 2009 PM Hatoyama visited Seoul and had the summit talk with President Lee Myung-Bak. In this talk President Lee showed the design of “grand bargain” which is to settle the North Korean nuclear problem. They discuss the North Korean issue and shared their standpoint on it. At the present Japanese government has the plan of announcing “The New Japan-South Korea Declaration” when President Lee visit Japan next time.
On the other side, the Japan-U.S. relationships is somewhat drifting because of the U.S.
base problem in Okinawa. The Hatoyama administration has reiterated a close Japan-U.S.
alliance repeatedly.
The supple balance between the policy toward Asia, especially South Korea and China,
and the policy toward the U.S. has been the key subject for Japanese foreign policy for the long time. This subject is also applicable to the new DPJ administration. Actually, Japan had suggested some conceptions of foreign policy during the 2000s, “An Arc of Freedom and Prosperity” (Taro ASO), “The Synergy between the Japan-U.S. alliance and Japanese Diplomacy toward Asia” (Yasuo FUKUDA), and so on. These conceptions had the common interest, “How should Japan associate with Asian countries?” In a sense, “East Asian Community” is one phase of the Japanese pattern of way of thinking on foreign policy.
Tracing the foreign policies of the past LDP administrations, which had been in power for
more than 50 years, we can grasp the common interest on foreign policy among Japanese
politicians and academic circles.
Though “East Asian Community” is PM Hatoyama’s policy conception, it is also the clear
sign of the tendency of the Japanese common interest on foreign policy after the Cold warera. It seems to me the Japanese government’s aim of foreign policy is to realize at the same time (ⅰ) Autonomy, (ⅱ)keep the Japan-U.S. alliance, (ⅲ)developing the relations of mutual trust with South Korea, China, and other Asian countries.
However for the Hatoyama administration, to achieve these aims simultaneously would be not easy. A Key point is the Relation of mutual trust with South Korea. Compared with
the 1990s, the Japan-South Korea relationship had been developing rapidly in the 2000s.
Whether the Hatoyama administration can continue this line or not, is actually the critical
phase for the good result of the DPJ diplomacy.

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