무선통신기기의 전파원리

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전기공학에서의 무선통신기기의 전파원리에 대한 리포트

목차

1. 전파와 무선통신 개념이해
1) 전파의 존재를 최초로 예언한 맥스웰 ··················································································· 3
2) 사바르, 헨리, 에디슨과 전파 ······································································································ 3
3) 전파를 확인한 헤르츠 ··················································································································· 3
2. 전파의 발견
1) 전파의 복사 모양 ···························································································································· 4
2) 헤르츠 전파기초 실험 ··················································································································· 5
3) 헤르츠의 전파 송·수신 장치 ······································································································· 5
4) 전파의 발생 원리 ···························································································································· 6
3. 주파수란 무엇인가?
1) 주파수와 파장이란? ························································································································ 6
2) 전파의 진행 속도 ···························································································································· 7
3) 주파수에 의한 전파 분류 ············································································································ 7
4. 전파의 발생 ········································································································································ 10
5. 전파의 파동 및 성질
1) 전파의 파동 ····································································································································· 11
2) 전파의 직진, 반사, 굴절 ············································································································ 12
3) 전파의 회절 ····································································································································· 13
4) 전파의 간섭 ····································································································································· 13
6. 이동통신과 다양한 정보통신망 서비스 개요
1) 무선통신 ············································································································································ 18
2) 무선통신을 이용한 이용분야 ··································································································· 19
3) 이동통신(Mobile Telecommunication) ················································································ 19
4) 이동통신서비스의 진화과정 ····································································································· 20
7. 이동전화 시스템의 구성
1) 이동전화기 ··········································································································································20
2) 기지국 ················································································································································· 21
3) 이동전화국 ········································································································································ 22
8. 셀룰러 아날로그 이동전화
1) 셀룰러 아날로그 이동전화란? ································································································· 23
2) 셀의 의미와 형태 ·························································································································· 23
9. 다중접속방식
1) 다중접속방식이란? ························································································································ 23
2) 다중접속방식의 종류
① 아날로그 방식 1세대 ················································································································ 24
-주파수분할(FDMA) 다중접속 방식
-디지털화의 장점과 단점
② 디지털방식 2세대 ······················································································································· 25
-시분할 다중접속(TDMA)방식
-부호분할 다중접속(CDMA)방식
③ FPLMTS/IMT-2000 3세대 ··········································································································27
-FPLMTS/IMT-2000
-3세대통신 의 출현 배경
-3세대와 2세대
※ 참고자료 및 문헌 ···························································································································· 29

본문내용

1) 전파의 존재를 최초로 예언한 맥스웰
오늘날 이동통신, 방송 등에서 활발하게 이용하고 있는 전파, 이 전파의 존재를 최초로 예언한 사람은 영국의 맥스웰입니다. 맥스웰은 패러데이의 법칙에 변위전류를 추가하여, 전계가 시간적으로 변하면 자계가 생기고, 자계는 또 전계를 발생시켜 파동(전파)이 발생한다고 1871년에 발표했습니다. 이렇게 발생되는 전파는 이미 태고부터 존재하고 있었지만, 우리 인간이 인지하지 못하고 있었을 뿐입니다. 하지만, 맥스웰도 오늘날 전파가 이렇게 넓은 범위에 활용되어 우리 인간에게 엄청난 도움을 주리라고는 미처 생각지 못했을 것입니다.
2) 사바르, 헨리, 에디슨과 전파
① 사바르 (1824년)
전기 실험을 위해 고안된 콘덴서의 원형인 "라이든(Leyden)병"에 저장된 전기를 방전할 때 불꽃이 점멸하며 진동하고 있는 것처럼 보인다고 말만 했습니다.
② 헨리 (1842년)
"라이든 병"으로부터 30미터나 떨어진 곳에서도 쇳조각이 자화하는 사실을 발견하고 놀랬을 뿐 그것이 전파인 줄은 몰랐습니다.
③ 에디슨 (1875년)
모르스의 키를 두드릴 때에 가까이 있는 금속에서 불꽃이 튀는 것을 볼 수 있었다고 하였으나, 역시 그것이 전파인 줄은 에디슨도 알지 못했습니다.
3) 전파를 확인한 헤르츠




6. 이동통신과 다양한 정보통신망 서비스 개요
다양한 정보 통신망과 서비스의 종류
1) 무선통신
물리적인 회선을 이용하지 않고 지구 대기에서 전자기파를 이용해 데이터를 전송하는 비유도체인 무선 선로를 이용. 전자기파를 이용할 때는 신호의 주파수와 대역폭이 전기적인 특성을 결정짓는 요인이 되고 이 전자기파는 전파라고도 함.
2) 무선통신을 이용한 이용분야
3) 이동통신(Mobile Telecommunication)
이동통신은 항공기, 선박, 열차, 자동차처럼 움직이는 대상과 일반전화간의 통신이나 이동체 상호간의 무선통신, 이동체 통신이라고도 하며 고정통신과 반대되는 개념.
4) 이동통신 서비스의 진화 과정
이동통신은 아래 표와 같이 제1세대, 제2세대, 제2.5세대, 제3세대, 제 4세대로 구분할 수 있다. 셀룰러 이동통신, 무선전화, 무선 호출 등의 경계는 3세대부터 사라진다.
7. 이동전화 시스템의 구성
이동전화시스템은 흔히 이동전화기라고 부르는 이동단말기와 신호를 송수신하는 기지국, 이동전화국 등이 있다.
1) 이동단말기
카폰, 휴대폰, 숄더폰 등을 말한다.

참고 자료

· http://blog.naver.com/hjo0075 (IT, 컴퓨터 블로그)
· http://blog.daum.net/royal5 (IT, 컴퓨터 블로그)
· 전파와 CDMA란 무엇인가 -이형국 지음| 포인트 펴냄-
· http://news.naver.com/main/read.nhn?mode=LSD&mid=sec&sid1=105&oid=016&aid=
0000164521 (네이버뉴스)