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Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) were the first type of antidepressant developed. They`re
effective, but have generally been replaced by antidepressants that are safer and cause fewer side
effects. MAOIs generally require diet restrictions because they can cause dangerously high blood
pressure when taken with certain foods. In spite of side effects, these medications are still a good
option for some people. In certain cases, they relieve depression when other treatments have
failed.
How MAOIs work
Antidepressants such as MAOIs ease depression by affecting chemical
messengers (neurotransmitters) used to communicate between brain
cells. Most antidepressants work by changing the levels of one or more of
these naturally occurring brain chemicals.
The enzyme monoamine oxidase is involved in removing the
neurotransmitters norepinephrine , serotonin and dopamine from the
brain. MAOIs prevent this from happening, which makes more of these
brain chemicals available. This is thought to boost mood by improving
brain cell communication. MAOIs also affect other neurotransmitters in
the brain and digestive system, causing side effects.

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