인장시험보고서

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인장시험보고서입니다!!

목차

Ⅰ. 서론 ····································································· 1
1.1. 연구배경 및 목적······················································· 1
1.2. 관련 용어································································ 1
1.3. 관련 이론································································ 3
1.3.1. 훅의 법칙····························································· 3
1.3.2. 포아송 비····························································· 4
1.3.3. 인장 시험····························································· 4
1.3.3.1. 시험기 종류······················································· 5
1.3.3.2. Data 처리························································· 5 .

Ⅱ. 본론 ····································································· 5
2.1. 실험방법 및 준비····················································· 5
2.1.1. 시험편 준비························································· 5
2.1.2. 시험편의 파단······················································· 6

Ⅲ. 결과 및 고찰 ······················································· 6
3.1. 인장시험의 결과···················································· 6
3.1.1. 직경································································ 6
3.1.2. 표점거리··························································· 6
3.2. 결과비교······························································ 6
3.3. 결과 및 고찰························································· 6 .

Ⅳ 참고문헌······························································ 7

본문내용

Ⅰ. 서론

1.1. 연구배경 및 목적
인장시험은 재료의 강도를 측정하는 가장 기본적인 시험이다. 간단한 조작으로 정확한 결과가 얻어질 뿐만 아니라, 인장 하중을 걸었을 때 재료에 생기는 변형저항의 상태를 조사해 봄으로써 그 밖의 하중을 걸었을 때의 저하연형도 추측할 수 있기 때문에 널리 사용되고 있다. 철강과 같은 연성재료에 대해서는 인장강도, 항복점, 신율, 단면 수축률을, 주철과 같이 취성재료에 대해서는 인장강도를 주로 측정한다.
인장시험은 공업용 재료의 기계적 성질을 알기 위한 기본적인 시험으로써 일정한 속도로 반대방향으로 잡아당기는 힘에 대한 물질의 저항성을 측정하는 실험이다. 재료강도에 관한 기본적인 설계 정보를 얻기 위해 가장 널리 사용된다. 이를 통해 공업용 재료의 변형 과정과 응력 변화를 조사하며, 재료의 항복강도, 인장강도, 연신율, 단면 수축율 등의 기계적인 특성과 탄성한계, 비례한계, 포아송비, 탄성계수의 물리적 특성을 구하는 것을 목적으로 한다.
이러한 특성은 기계 설계의 자료로 이용되며 생산된 제품의 품질관리와 화학 분석 및 현미경 조직시험과 더불어 재료의 열처리 fabricating process 등의 검토, 미지의 재료에 대한 판정에 이용된다.
기계 및 구조물을 만들 때 사용되는 금속재료에 대해서는 한국 공업 규격 KSD 0801 ~ 0811에 규정되어 있다. 재료 시험은 재료의 성질을 시험하게 되므로 그 재료의 일부에서 시험편을 잘라내어 이것으로 그 성질을 시험한다.


1.2. 관련 용어

- 항복점: 연강의 인장 시험에 있어서, 어떤 응력에서부터는 응력이 증가하지 않는 것으로, 왜곡만이 증가하는 현상이 나타날 때까지의 응력. 재료의 기준강도에 널리 이용된다. 항복점에는 응력의 크기에 따라, 상항복점과 하항복점이 있지만, KS에서는 상항복점을 항복점으로 하고 있다.

- 항복강도: 재료가 거시적인 소성변형을 시작할 때의 응력. 항복점이 명확하지 않은 재료에서는 보통 0.2% 내력을 취하여 항복강도로 한다. 영구변형이 지정 값에 달했을 때의 응력 한계이다.

참고 자료

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