할로젠화 알킬의 반응 친핵성 치환반응과 제거반은(SN2, SN1, E2, E1, E1cb)

목차

1. How organic reactions occur?
2. Organic Halides/Alkyl Halides
3. Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction
4. SN2 Reaction - Kinetics
5. SN2 Reaction - Mechanism
6. Stereochemistry of SN2
7. Characteristics of the SN2
8. Substrate : Steric effects on SN2
9. The Nucleophile - SN2
10. Relative Reactivity of Nucleophile - SN2
11. Leaving group - SN2
12. Solvent - SN2
13. SN1 Reaction
14. Multistep Reactions and the Rate Determining Step
15. SN1 Reaction - Mechanism
16. Stereochemistry of SN1 reaction
17. Substrate - Characteristics of SN1
18. Leaving group/Nucleophile - SN1
19. Solvent - SN1
20. Elimination reactions of Alkyl Halide
21. Zaitsev's rule for Elimination Reactions
22. Mechanisms of Eliminations
23. E2 Reaction
24. E2 Reaction & Cyclohexene formation
25. E1 Reaction
26. E1cb Reaction

본문내용

Bond formation or breakage can be symmetrical or unsymmetrical
Symmetrical - homolytic(균일 분해)
→ Radical reaction(라디칼 반응)
Unsymmetrical - heterolytic(불균일 분해)
difference of electronegativity
→ ionic/polar reaction(이온/극성 반응)

halogens are more electronegative than carbon
carbon–halogen bond → polarized(편극화)

<중 략>

주기율표 같은 족에서 아래로 내려갈 수록 친핵성도, 편극도가 증가한다.
(용매에 따라 친핵성도의 순서가 변할 수 있다.)

I- > Br- > Cl- > F-
SeH- > SH- > OH-
(CH3CH2)3P: > (CH3CH2)3N:

음전하를 지닌 친핵체는 중성인 것에 비해 일반적으로 반응성이 크다.

OH- > H2O SH- > H2S NH2- > NH3

참고 자료

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