영어학개론 Linguistics for everyone Chapter 1 요약
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Our Language Expertise
What does a speaker of a language have to know about it in order to speak and understand the language?
⇨ Speakers of a language know what is a possible utterance and what is not.
a. *Destroyed the city the hurricane.
b. The hurricane destroyed the city.
c. Lionel seems sick.
d. *Sick Lionel seems.
(An asterisk (*) marks impossible sentences.)
The speakers of English know the rules behind such judgment (even if they can't define them).
Acquiring vs. Learning a Language
We acquire the rules of our language at an early age just by being exposed to it.
Language Acquisition
Natural, unconscious process of language development
Language Learning
Process of gaining conscious knowledge of language through instruction
2)Human Language and Animal Communication
Design features of human language
⇨Originally proposed by linguist Charles Hockett in 1960 to characterize human language and distinguish it from other communication system.
Semanticity
rbitrariness
Discreteness
Displacement
Productivity
Duality of patterning
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