트레드밀 운동 및 트레드밀 운동과 스포츠마사지 병행이 과체중 여대생의 혈중지질 및 자율신경계 변화에 미치는 영향

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최근 윤택한 삶으로 인해 전반적인 신체 활동량이 감소되고 식탁의 서구화로 혈중콜레스테롤 농도의 양상이 변동되어, 질환의 발생상태도 선진국형인 비만과 관련된 질병이 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 비만은 복잡한 요인으로 개개인에게 맞는 개별 치료법이 요구된다. 약물이나 수술요법과 같이 단기간 동안 이루어진 체중 감소는 신체적 부작용을 일으키기 쉬워 대상자의 사고의 전환과 동기부여, 식이조절, 운동, 생활양식의 변화 등 포괄적인 접근을 통한 체중조절이 이루어져야 한다(Steinbeck, 2002). 비만은 당대사뿐만 아니라 TG(Triglyceride)의 증가, HDL-C(high density lipid cholesterol)의 저하, LDL-C(low density lipoprotein cholesterol), Cholesterol의 증가 등 이상지혈증과 밀접하게 연관되어 있는 것으로 알려져 있다(Jang & Park, 2012). 이로 인한 심근경색증, 협심증 등의 CHD(Coronary Heart Disease)는 최근 주요 사망원인이 되고 있다. Cholesterol은 생체 활성의 주요 물질이기도 하지만 혈중 농도가 과다하게 높아지면 혈액순환을 방해하여 관상동맥 혈관의 질환을 유발시킨다. 혈중 Cholesterol이 180mg/㎗ 이상으로 증가하면 관상심장질환이 발전될 위험성이 증가되며, 220mg/㎗ 이상이 되면 발생율이 두 배가 된다(Sim, 2010). HDL-C는 단백질 비율이 지방보다 높은 단백질로 동맥혈관 벽의 콜레스테롤을 간으로 이동시켜 담즙으로 합성하여 배설시키는 역할을 한다. HDL-C의 비율이 높을 때 심혈관질환의 위험률이 낮아져 HDL-C는 심장질환을 일으키는 콜레스테롤에 대해 방어적 기능을 하는 인체에 이로운 콜레스테롤이다. Gordon 등(1986)은 HDL-C가 1mg/dL 증가할 때 관상동맥질환의 위험률은 3.5% 감소하고, HDL-C가 35mg/dL 미만이면 심혈관질환의 위험률이 6배 상승하는 것으로 보고하여, 관상동맥 질환을 예방하기 위해서는 HDL-C의 농도를 높이는 것이 효과적임을 시사하였다.

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