책소개
FRANCIS FUKUYAMAIS THE OLIVIER NOMELLINI SENIOR FELLOW AT STANFORD UNIVERSITY'S FREEMAN SPOGLI INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL STUDIES. HE HAS PREVIOUSLY TAUGHT AT THE PAUL H. NITZE SCHOOL OF ADVANCED INTERNATIONAL STUDIES OF JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY AND AT THE GEORGE MASON...
Mamluk is the dynasty governed among Egypt and Syria between century of Ayyubid and the century of Ottoman. And Mamluk is important in the history of Islam since they spread Islam in the middle Asia as the major belief. They were created as the military slave of Ayyubid dynasty which was decentralized community rather than state. Mamluk became the major force of the dynasty after beating Mongol’s invasion even though the victory was somewhat due to a split among friends of Mongol dynasty.
There are several differences between state-level societies and tribal societies; centralized source of authority, monopoly of legitimate means of coercion, territorial authority, stratified society, religious belief. There are many theories explaining how state had emerged. There are two types of states; pristine, competitive. And this chapter is focusing on emergence of pristine states.
First, social contrast theory explains the emergence of pristine states concerning dealing between free, and basic security such as army in extreme condition. Centralizing power in republic Rome during Hannibal war is an example.